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101.
城市与工程测量EDM导线技术标准的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于导线测量误差理论与电磁测距(EDM)导线的特性,分析讨论了城市与工程测量EDM导线的各项技术参数,提出了各级EDM导线技术标准的建议,通过计算验证所给出的这些技术指标是合理可靠的。 相似文献
102.
耗氧速率(OUR)测量方法的实验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目前多采用分批实验法和呼吸测量仪测量耗氧速率,而耗氧速率的测量对于研究活性污泥数学模型中的动力学参数及废水特性鉴定具有重要意义。本文根据OUR测量方法的基本原理设计了1种简易的OUR测量装置,为检验测量装置的有效性,设计了相关实验进行验证。在内源呼吸实验中,测定了所用活性污泥的内源呼吸速率是5.1mgO2/L·h,污泥的衰减系数是0.0137h-1,比文献值略高。基质降解实验对人工配水(葡萄糖和淀粉)的耗氧速率进行了测定,实验结果显示有3个显著不同的耗氧速率,分别为35mg/L·h,13mg/L·h,6mg/L·h,它们各代表葡萄糖降解、淀粉降解和内源呼吸的速率。内源呼吸速率高于前1个实验是由于基质降解过程中污泥量增加所致。并计算出异养菌产率系数Kd为0.63mgVSS/mgCOD,Kd略低于文献值。实验结果证明,该装置能很好的实现测量目的。 相似文献
103.
This paper reports a study of the field measurements and monitoring of wastewater discharge in sea water at Bari East (Italy). A wastewater sea outfall system is an integral and fundamental part of each wastewater treatment with ultimate sink in the sea water. The design of a water treatment plant and wastewater outfall must take into account the use of the environmental water, the values of physicochemical parameters to be respected in order to safeguard the use itself and the quality of the environmental water where wastewater is issued. In the present study measurements of sea current velocity components were carried out with a VM-ADP (Vessel-Mounted Acoustic Doppler Profiler). Salinity, wind directions and velocities were assessed with, for one survey, the total faecal coliforms and other biochemical parameters. It was emphasized that the measurements necessary for monitoring cannot be concentrated in the wastewater outfall pipe zone only, but should be extended to a neighbouring area of the outfall pipe, with an extension depending on the wastewater discharge, the polluting charge and the magnitude of the sea currents and the winds typical of the zone of interest. The analyses presented in this paper confirm that the sea zones close to the wastewater outfall pipe are particularly sensitive and vulnerable. Such results must be considered in the planning of a wastewater outfall pipe. 相似文献
104.
There is a need to obtain the hydrologic data including ocean current,wave,temperature and so on in the South China Sea.A new profiling instrument which does not suffer from the damage due to nature forces or incidents caused by passing ships,is under development to acquire data from this area.This device is based on a taut single point mid-water mooring system.It incorporates a small,instrumented vertically profiling float attached via an electromechanical cable to a winch integral with the main subsurface flotation.On a pre-set schedule,the instrument float with sensors is winched up to the surface if there is no ship passing by,which is defined by an on-board miniature sonar.And it can be immediately winched down to a certain depth if the sonar sensor finds something is coming.Since,because of logistics,the area can only be visited once for a long time and a minimum of 10 times per day profiles are desired,energy demands are severe.To respond to these concerns,the system has been designed to conserve a substantial portion of the potential energy lost during the ascent phase of each profile and subsequently use this energy to pull the instrument down.Compared with the previous single-point layered measuring mode,it is advanced and economica1.At last the paper introduces the test in the South China Sea. 相似文献
105.
106.
冲绳海槽浮岩包裹体的测温试验 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
对浮岩中斜长石斑晶中的包裹体及玻璃基质中的包裹体首先进行双面光薄片的镜下观察,然后进行了系统的均化法与爆裂法测温试验。观察与试验结果表明:(1)斜长石中的包裹体均为玻璃质+气泡的两相包裹体,未发现气—液包裹体。固化包裹体为玻璃质,非晶质的固化包裹体外即是大量的气泡,特别是基质当中气泡更为发育,说明熔浆中含有丰富的挥发性组分,同时也说明包裹体形成于较浅的地质条件下。(2)长石中包裹体的均化温度不受包裹体特征不同的影响,均化温度分布范围从910—1250℃,峰值明显,计算的均化温度为Tz=(1081.4±177.9)℃,但还存在有高于1250℃的均化温度峰。包裹体均化法测试结果说明浮岩中斜长石的形成过程至少有两个阶段:第一阶段的岩浆温度在1200—1300℃左右,在此温度下形成的是An值较高的基性斜长石,同时结晶的还有辉石等矿物,斜长石结晶第二个阶段时的熔浆温度在1100℃以下,这一阶段持续的时间长,跨越的温度范围大,应是岩浆在近地表和岩浆喷出过程中的岩浆快速冷却期,同时伴随有矿物大规模晶出。(3)包裹体中的气相部分均聚合成圆形或近圆形,说明温度下降速度较快。斑晶斜长石中部分包裹体与基质玻璃中包裹体的形成温度是连续变化的,这一事实应该与冲绳海槽特殊的地质条件有关 相似文献
107.
文中简述了当今悬沙测试技术的进展,提出了六个悬沙测试领域需要统一认识的基本问题,对悬沙测试技术的近期发展趋势作了简短的展望。 相似文献
108.
109.
The accuracy of the manufacturer’s fall-rate equation for the T-5 Model of expendable bathythermograph (XBT) has been investigated based on about 300 collocated pairs of XBT-CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth profiler) measurements in various climatological regions. We found that the equation systematically overestimates depth by about 5% for the T-5 produced by Tsurumi Seiki, Co. Ltd. (TSK), but almost no bias is associated with the T-5 produced by Sippican, Inc., in USA. The cause of this difference is not clear, because the two manufacturers’ T-5 probes are reported to have identical shape and weight in water. We propose a new fall-rate equation for the TSK T-5: z(t) = 6.54071t - 0.0018691t
2, where z(t) is depth in meters at time, t, in seconds. 相似文献
110.
Wave measurement based on light refraction 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Some authors have developed a few methods of measuring wave slopes based on light refraction, including the measurement method via the distribution of light intensity or color under water. A new method based on light refraction is specified for the measurement of wave surface elevation in wave flume via imaging technology. A plane painted with black and white stripes is put on the flume floor as an indication plane, which can be arranged easily and cheaply. Compared with the previous methods, the present method is less sensitive to the noise and nonlinear effects of optical process, which can be taken as a digital method. The CCD camera is fixed above the flume with its optical axis arranged vertically to grab the images of stripes modulated by the wave surface. The modulated value can be calculated from the Hilbert transform, and then the wave surface elevation can be obtained. The algorithm and experimental procedure are specified in detail, and some experimental results are provided to show the validity of the present method. 相似文献